Beijing Forbidden City

In accordance with the ancient Chinese theory of astrology, Zi Wei Yuan (North Star) is located in transit, is the Emperor of Heaven, Heaven corresponds to, is the emperor's residence, also known as the Forbidden City. The third Ming emperor Zhu Di, after usurping the throne, decided to move the capital Beijing, and began to build the palace, to eighteen years of the Ming Yongle (1420) completed. In 1911, a revolution overthrew the last feudal monarchy in China - Qing Dynasty, Emperor Pu Yi, in 1924 Johnson was expelled from the palace. In this 500 years, a total of 24 emperors lived and ruled the country.

The Forbidden City is surrounded by the walls of the high-10m and width 52m moat. North to south and 961m, west width of 753m, covers an area of ​​780,000 square meters, housing 8700. Walls surrounded by set up in each city gates one, which south of the Meridian Gate and the north of the Shenwu Men is designed for visitors to tour and out. The city of palaces along the central axis to the east and west sides started. The magnificent sight, the buildings and carved beams, magnificent. The temple tower, the level of scattered, magnificent and majestic. Toward the Tun Xi sunset are like paradise on earth. City of the southern half of the Ethernet, and security and the three main hall as the center, flanked by the Mandarin, Wu ounce temple, the emperor held court and the place known as the "former". The northern half while dry clean, AC Thai, Kun Ning Palace and things Palaces and Imperial Garden Center, aloof east Fengxian, a Royal temple, west of the Hall of Mental Cultivation, the the Yuhua Court, Tsz Ning Palace, the Emperor and Empresses lived, held a place of worship and religious activities, as well as handling day-to-day government, known as the "sleep". Before and after the two parts of the palaces of the total area of ​​163,000 square meters. The whole group of palaces laid out precisely and orderly inch brick tile are to follow the ritual system of the feudal hierarchy, illuminates the imperial supreme authority. In the era of feudal monarchy, the ordinary masses of people can not and dare not come within close proximity.

Ming and Qing emperors living in Miyagi, called the Forbidden City. Forbidden City, there are two, one in Beijing, one in Nanjing.

Why this Forbidden City called the Forbidden City? It turned out that the ancient Chinese astronomy, said the long-term observation of celestial bodies in space, that the purple MSI Yuan living in transit, permanent position, is a pillar of the home. Thus, the pillar of the home temple that the Purple Palace, "Ziwei the middle," said.

Feudal emperor claimed to be the son of Heaven, the true sons of the dragon; they live in the palace, was likened to the sky Purple Palace. They would prefer to themselves on the Purple Palace, policy naturalized in Germany, the Quartet, the eight to the DPRK, which Jiangshan Yong solid in order to safeguard the long-term purpose of the rule.

The emperor of the Ming and Qing dynasties for the maintenance of their own authority and dignity, and to consider their own safety, the construction
of the palace, both magnificent, but also entrenched. This city not only numerous palaces, pavilions comb ratio, and enclosed by walls 10 meters high and 52 meter-wide moat, and sentries everywhere, heavily guarded. The civilians do not watch the tower Diange, that is, take a look at the door sales Dianjiao, is absolutely not allowed.

Imperial Palace of Ming and Qing emperors and their dependents living outside, in addition to services for their concubines, eunuchs, guards, officials and personnel of the license only to be summoned to enter. Here is an outsider can not be more than overstepped [filtered word]. Therefore, the palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, both hailed as the Purple Palace, is forbidden, old friends known as the Forbidden City.

Beijing Forbidden City covers an area of ​​724,250 square meters, not the moat and the moat and the walls of the green belt counted. The palace housing construction area of ​​155,000 flat cubic meter. The Forbidden City is a rectangle of the city, north to south and 961 meters, 753 meters wide from east to west, surrounded by a 10 m high and more walls around the walls of the outer edge of the perimeter is 52 meters wide and 3428 m (outside the walls of the moat, guard the Forbidden City important facilities). The four sides have a city wall, south to the Meridian Gate, North Shenwu Men, the east gate of the Forbidden, the West is the West Gate. The four corners of the walls of the four compact design of the turret.

Forbidden City in Beijing to build the Yongle Emperor Yongle (AD 1404 to AD 1424) five-year, was built in the Yongle fifteen years to 18 years. The whole construction by the marquis Chen Gui Duzao, specifically responsible for the planning division Wuzhong. Forbidden City is located in the capital of the middle of the central axis through the Imperial City, the middle, that is, through the three main hall in the Forbidden City, the three Palace. Forbidden City, the main entrance are South Gate Meridian Gate The Meridian Gate is the highest door Miyagi in the DPRK and the amnesty offer prisoners and other important ceremonies are held in the Meridian Gate. Its North Gate of the Shenwu Men, East Gate for Donghuamen, Simon Xihuamen.

Miyagi as the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Forbidden City is also divided into the outer court, inner court of two parts. Outside toward the emperor
office space. Of all the country's major events and all kinds of rituals, out toward the held North Korea outside the central axis from Tiananmen
Square - the side door - Meridian Gate - Hall of Supreme Harmony - and the Temple - Paul and the temple and along the central axis of Diange Gallery
veranda. The inner court is the place of the emperor Empresses life, including the composition of the palace complex of the central axis of the
Palace of Heavenly Purity, AC Thai Temple, Kunning, Imperial Garden, and on both sides of things Palaces etc..

Beijing Forbidden City palace of the emperor of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Focus on the country craftsmen from the years of the Ming Yongle (AD 1407), 2005, the Yongle Emperor, requisition, 300,000 migrant workers and military, after 14 years, built a large-scale palace group. Qing Dynasty followed, only partially after reconstructing and improving the overall layout is basically no change.

It combines the culmination of the ancient Chinese architectural art, and a concentrated expression of China two thousand years of authoritarian social
imperial thought. Forbidden City palace wall is about 3000 meters a week, representing an area of ​​over 720,000 square meters, construction area of ​​
150,000 square meters, building services over 9000. Each a tall city gates Miyagi plane slightly rectangular, east, west, south, north, the Miyagi
four corners of the stands a fine turret, 52 m wide moat around the outside walls, the formation of a grand, spectacular fortified castle . The ancient
Chinese imperial palace, the Forbidden City's overall planning and architectural form completely subordinated to and reflects the requirements of the ancient patriarchal ritual system, highlighting the supreme authority of the emperor. All palace is divided into "North" and "within the extension of two parts.

Outside toward the ether and, and security and the Third Temple in front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony, both sides have Mandarin Wuying two groups of
palaces. From the functionality of the building, the outside toward the emperor apply for government, held in North Korea, naturally in the front of the Forbidden City, and the extension while the Palace of Heavenly Purity, Jiao Tai temple, Kunning, mainly in the Ming Dynasty Empress place of residence and is located in the rear of the Forbidden City.

This group on both sides of the house of living things Palaces and Qianlong, Cining Gong; Finally, there is an imperial garden. Miyagi within the imperial guards of the value of housing and service buildings and the eunuchs, concubines living dwarf housing, the Miyagi main entrance of the Meridian Gate to Tiananmen Square, built on both sides of the Royal Road toward the room. Toward the outside the room to the east, the Imperial Ancestral Temple, West of the Altar. Miyagi north of Jingshan is another group of buildings attached to the palace.

Gate of Supreme Harmony was built in Yongle eighteen years, North Korea outside the three main hall are the south gate, the early Ming said "Kill door" Qing Dynasty "Gate of Supreme Harmony. It is located in the Middle-meter layer of stone Sumeru court, Miankuo nine, and four deep, 23.8 meters high, is the highest existing ancient buildings in China, the biggest door. It forms the roof for eaved Xieshan. In front of them a pair of tall bronze lion. On both sides of the Gate of Supreme Harmony Akinori Sadanori two; Union Medical College, Xi, and the two things side of the courtyard have; each block between the door connected to the veranda room haunting floor in the northeast, northwest corner of two . All of these doors, floor and veranda room scale, body mass than small Gate of Supreme Harmony, the Gate of Supreme Harmony show a prominent position in the entire square. Into the Gate of Supreme Harmony, is a larger garden. Things width is still 200 meters from north to south about 190 meters deep enough to accommodate people's shouts. Canton Court North Korea outside the three main halls: the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.

Hall of Supreme Harmony, Ming and Qing dynasties in Beijing Miyagi tallest building, including three-Xumizuo 35.05 meters high, plus kiss is the total height of 37.44 meters, on each are Xumizuo form, surrounded by a white jade railings, railings, is expected to stigma, spit the water of the Chi, each looking on the stigma has decorative. His temple Miankuo 11, deep into the five construction area of ​​2377 square meters, our existing ancient buildings in the scale of the largest wooden structure in temples. The hall's roof double eaves, hipped, Shang when A heavy house ", the" Supreme "shape. The roof angle animal and Dougong of the jump is also a maximum number; sculpture, inside color painting and caisson pattern on the Royal Road and railings are used on behalf of the imperial power of the dragon, phoenix theme on the platform of the sundial, Kerry, the amount of copper turtle, copper crane, only here to furnishings. The hall of gold lacquer Diao "throne", it is authoritarian symbol of imperial power. Hall of Supreme Harmony, the emperor held the enthronement ceremonies and civil and military officials Asaga place, if there are any generals ordered to set off by India, but also in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. In the Ming Dynasty, the successful candidates, and New Year's Day Ci Yan also temple, too. The Taihe bring up the rear in the house of a plane was in the square, deep and wide all three around the Gallery building, with an area of ​​580 square meters. The roof Danyanxieshan save the pointed style, copper tire gilt ding, it is the Emperor Taihe sons toward the rest of the.

Inner court of the main entrance of the Palace of Heavenly Purity, is a prolate courtyard in front of it, commonly known as side streets. The side streets of the south to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, after Paul Hall of the north and down the three-story platform to reach the side streets, so here is a transfer of part of the Outer Court and Inner Court. Dry clear the door is located on side streets north, center, facing south, it is a Miankuo five bay Danyanxieshan roof, under the house door of the Whitehead LMH. Dry the specifications of the gantry is slightly lower than the three main halls of the main entrance of the Gate of Supreme Harmony, each at the door on both sides of a glass decorative screen wall was about eight-shaped breakdown. This screen wall built brick red walls and glass canopy top under glass Xumizuo, the center and four corners of the wall has a glass decoration.

Kunning in the north of the Palace of Heavenly Purity, also Miankuo nine bay, eaved the veranda Dianding the hall. It has been in the Ming Dynasty
and early Qing Dynasty, the Palace is the Queen's residence. The Seijun the rule, according to the customs of the Manchu, Kunning transformation, mainly the intrauterine divided into two parts. In the western section, along the wall acquired the ring Taikang indoor placement of a cauldron. In the east part of Kunning built for the emperor to marry bridal chamber, the entrance was changed to the east, intrauterine double happiness lanterns, red gold double happiness of the screen wall, relying on the North wall with dragon and phoenix hi bed, bed hung with embroidered 100 subgraph of multicolored gauze curtain. The converted Kunning also old Linghua? The fan changed to straight pane sash.

Palace of Heavenly Purity is the main hall of the three Palace, Ming dry and early Qing Dynasty, the Palace of Heavenly Purity is the palace of the emperor and empress. Palace shape Miankuo nine bay, double eaves and hipped roof, and Zhao Ren Dian, Kazuhiro Germany temple two small temple connected. Usually living outside in addition to the emperor, but also frequently summoned the palace minister, Piyue memorials dealing with administrative affairs, even in the house of meeting with foreign envoys.

Northerly half east of the Forbidden City, a complete set of palace complex, this is the Qianlong period buildings. In the Ming dynasty, there are a group of buildings, but not a very large scale; the Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong period in this building, this is a very complete set of building groups, it is divided into the front of the palace and sleep behind the ranks of two parts . In the latter part can be divided into three zones, the Road is a residential area, the East is the entertainment district, West Road, the Garden District. The entire complex is surrounded by walls Wai, as a closed and independent region.

The front entrance of the the Qianlong building group is a Royal doors in front of a horizontal courtyard, on both sides of the Chin Jubilee doors and Wu Qing door, a screen wall south of the cloth is very Huang door to form in front of the Plaza. Very Huang door glass in the wall made of three seventh floor plus vertical lotus column form of three doors, three openings are glazed tile eaves, eaves have Dougong to, beams, beam glass paste into the roton painting, door stone Xumizuo, four in front of the place the tank, the entire door to China and solemn. A glass screen wall south of the door of the imperial legislature, there are nine dragon screen wall on, commonly known as the Nine Dragon Wall.

Very door to enter the Huang came to the Ning Shou in front of the courtyard, the courtyard is very wide, there are pine trees in the surrounding species, to indicate the use of special usefulness for the overlord. Ning Jiqingmen located in the courtyard north of the central five bay Miankuo, Danyanxieshan roof, the following is a layer of white base, base with three steps in front, Chinese History Okimichi, the door to something on each side of the screen wall was eight-shaped and laid them out in front of about gilt bronze lion two, the whole door to dry clear from the shape to Sannomiya scale much like the door.

The Forbidden City is located in the center of Beijing, now known as the Forbidden City, meaning the palace of the past. It is the palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, in today's world, the largest existing, building the most magnificent and best preserved ancient palaces and ancient buildings. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the most tall, brilliant, the emperor ascended the throne, wedding, canonized, life would be set off so held in this grand ceremony. The inner court of the most famous is the Hall of Mental Cultivation, the Empress Dowager Cixi had more than 40 years in this behind a screen. Beijing is an international metropolis, but also the transport hub of the world's major airlines have flights between Beijing and other international cities, and China's major cities